{"id":1528,"date":"2014-09-30T23:31:33","date_gmt":"2014-09-30T23:31:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bitcoinromania.ro\/?p=1528"},"modified":"2026-03-01T13:46:43","modified_gmt":"2026-03-01T11:46:43","slug":"raportul-europol-leaga-monedele-digitale-anonime-de-retelele-intunecate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bitcoinromania.ro\/blog\/raportul-europol-leaga-monedele-digitale-anonime-de-retelele-intunecate\/","title":{"rendered":"Raportul Europol leag\u0103 monedele digitale anonime de re\u021belele \u00eentunecate"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"1\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Europol a emis un nou raport privind criminalitatea de pe Internet \u00een care s-au conturat o serie de scenarii care implic\u0103 Bitcoin.<\/p>\n

Numit Internet Organised Crime Threat Assessment (iOCTA), raportul analizeaz\u0103 utilizarea Bitcoin pe diverse site-uri web \u00eentunecate, de crima organizat\u0103 \u0219i de juc\u0103tori individuali, \u0219i solicit\u0103 monede digitale „fabricate” pentru cryber-criminali, fiind o provocare pentru aplicarea legii.<\/p>\n

Cu toate acestea, se face o distinc\u021bie clar\u0103 \u00eentre Bitcoin \u0219i monedele digitale, concepute cu adev\u0103rat anonimat, cum ar fi darkcoin. Avertizare:<\/p>\n

„Suntem de p\u0103rere c\u0103 ar trebui s\u0103 viz\u0103m pe toat\u0103 lumea \u00een leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu cele mai recente monedele cibernetice care sunt destinate spre a fi cu adev\u0103rat \u00een anonimat \u0219i pentru a facilita tranzac\u021biile anonime. Ne confrunt\u0103m cu o situa\u021bie \u00een care aplicarea legii ar putea fi complet incapabil\u0103 de a urm\u0103ri tranzac\u021biile penale, chiar foarte mari.<\/em> ”<\/p>\n

Raportul privind Bitcoin este \u00een concordan\u021b\u0103 cu declara\u021biile \u0219i rapoartele anterioare Europol. Vorbind la o conferin\u021b\u0103 de securitate \u00een luna martie, regizorul Rob Wainwright a spus c\u0103 monedele digitale sunt folosite ca „un instrument pentru a facilita crim\u0103”, \u00een special pentru sp\u0103larea de bani.<\/p>\n

Re\u021bele \u00eentunecate, Tor \u0219i Bitcoin<\/strong><\/p>\n

Europol constat\u0103 mai multe cazuri de utilizare a monedei digitale pe exploatarea sexual\u0103 a copiilor pe site-uri de re\u021bele \u00eentunecate. Agen\u021bia avertizeaz\u0103 c\u0103 anonimatul relativ al serviciilor nete \u00eentunecate – a f\u0103cut posibil\u0103 prin platforme ca Tor – conducerea la o proliferare de platforme diferite de v\u00e2nzare \u0219i materiale pornografice cu abuz de copii (CAM).<\/p>\n

\u00cen plus fa\u021b\u0103 de clipuri video \u0219i imagini tulbur\u0103toare, unele site-uri gazd\u0103 deschid forumuri pentru sustragerea aplic\u0103rii legii \u0219i pentru s\u0103v\u00e2r\u0219irea unei serii de infrac\u021biuni perverse \u00een care sunt implica\u021bi copii.<\/p>\n

Europol constat\u0103 c\u0103 un astfel de con\u021binut este, de obicei, schimbat nu din motive comerciale \u0219i c\u0103 un „nivel bun de \u00eencredere<\/em>” este necesar pentru cei care doresc s\u0103 cumpere CAM.<\/p>\n

Raportul avertizeaz\u0103:<\/p>\n

„Exist\u0103 cazuri de CAM schimbate prin intermediul e-mail-ului Tor ” \u00een schimbul monedelor Bitcoin. Chiar dac\u0103 cei mai mul\u021bi infractori nu schimb\u0103 CAM pentru motive comerciale, valoroasa semnifica\u021bie a materialului asociat anonimatului Tor \u0219i Bitcoin creeaz\u0103 cadrul ideal pentru a ad\u0103uga un beneficiu financiar pentru un schimb tradi\u021bional.<\/em> ”<\/p>\n

Europol constat\u0103 c\u0103 exploatarea sexual\u0103 comercial\u0103 tradi\u021bional\u0103 de copii online (CSECO) a fost mai mic\u0103 \u00een ultimii ani, iar suma de CAM disponibil\u0103 comercial\u0103 este mic\u0103.<\/p>\n

Cu toate acestea, hackerii SCECO sunt uneori folosi\u021bi pentru a sparge serverele \u0219i pentru oferi g\u0103zduire materialelor pornografice cu minori. Ace\u0219ti hackeri cer de obicei plata \u00een Bitcoin, dar cei mai mul\u021bi dintre ace\u0219tia s-au dovedit a fi fraudulo\u0219i – le-ar lua pur \u0219i simplu banii \u0219i ar putea fugi, f\u0103r\u0103 a oferi niciun CAM \u00een schimb.<\/p>\n

Abuzat de infractori<\/strong><\/p>\n

Europol subliniaz\u0103 c\u0103 monedele digitale descentralizate, cum ar fi Bitcoin \u0219i Darkcoin care folosesc re\u021belele de la egal la egal, cu pu\u021bin control. Raportul constat\u0103 c\u0103 monedele digitale sunt, \u00een general, concepute pentru a fi utilizate legitime, dar ele sunt „puternic abuzate” de infractorii cibernetici.<\/p>\n

Raportul spune ca volatilitatea este o problem\u0103 chiar \u0219i pentru infractori:<\/p>\n

„Infractorii cibernetici adesea favorizeaz\u0103 scheme centralizate care, fiind legate de imobiliz\u0103ri corporale, sunt \u00een mod inerent mai stabile \u00een raport cu crypto monedelor al c\u0103ror pre\u021b este de multe ori extrem de volatil din cauza nivelului ridicat de specula\u021bii. Din schemele centralizate favorizate de c\u0103tre comunitatea penal\u0103, WebMoney este \u00eenc\u0103 foarte popular, \u00een special pentru pl\u0103\u021bile penale a-criminal, a\u0219a cum este Perfect Money \u00eentr-o m\u0103sur\u0103 mai mic\u0103<\/em>. ”<\/p>\n

Bitcoin este tot mai atractiv \u00een cercuri de criminalitate informatic\u0103, potrivit raportului. Europol citeaz\u0103 Silk Road, de exemplu, a unei pie\u021be ilicite pe baz\u0103 de Bitcoin. De asemenea, raportul spune c\u0103 Bitcoin a \u00eenceput s\u0103 fie o „caracteristic\u0103 puternic\u0103 \u00een investiga\u021biile poli\u021biei,” \u00een special cei care se ocup\u0103 cu ransomware \u0219i extorcarea de fonduri.<\/p>\n

\u00cen plus, se constat\u0103 c\u0103 ne\u00eencrederea \u00een sistemele de centralizare a fost \u00een cre\u0219tere de la capturarea de E-aur \u00een 2009 \u0219i dezmembrarea Liberty Reserve \u00een 2013. Infractorii au g\u0103sit crypto monedele atractive datorit\u0103 naturii lor distribuitive, care le face rezistente la perturb\u0103ri de aplicare a legii \u0219i de guvern de control.<\/p>\n

IOCTA spune c\u0103 crypto monedele nu sunt un meci ideal pentru crima online datorit\u0103 unor motive:<\/p>\n

„Transparen\u021ba unor astfel de sisteme este un factor de descurajare, probabil poten\u021bial furnizar\u0103rii aplic\u0103rii legii, cu un traseu financiar de urmat. Pia\u021ba este, de asemenea, volatil\u0103, cu pre\u021buri valutare fluctuante \u00een mod semnificativ \u0219i deseori. Mai mult, un num\u0103r de servicii de schimb au fost sparte \u00een 2014, iar mul\u021bi dintre utilizatorii online \u0219i-au pierdut e-portofele f\u0103r\u0103 vreun recurs pentru compensare<\/em>.”<\/p>\n

Preocup\u0103rile de sp\u0103lare a banilor<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cu toate acestea moneda nu poate fi perfect\u0103 pentru unii criminali, Europol avertizeaz\u0103 c\u0103 monedele digitale ar putea „deveni un instrument ideal<\/em>” pentru sp\u0103larea de bani.<\/p>\n

Infractorii pot folosi ne\u00eenregistrate schimburi de re\u021bele \u00eentunecate, sau s\u0103 \u00eencerce s\u0103 exploateze schimburile legitime, cu control slab know-your-customer (KYC). O alt\u0103 problem\u0103 este cre\u0219terea de „tumblere” \u0219i „mixere” – servicii care permit utilizatorilor s\u0103 spele crypto monede, \u00een timp ce \u00eencarc\u0103 o comisie relativ mic. Raportul analizeaz\u0103 posibilitatea de a folosi site-uri de jocuri de noroc online pentru a sp\u0103la crypto monedele „murdare”.<\/p>\n

Europol concluzioneaz\u0103 c\u0103 aplicarea legii trebuie s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i continue posibilitatea de ob\u021binere a probelor de la operatorii de scheme virtuale – cum ar fi de la orice alt\u0103 institu\u021bie – \u0219i s\u0103 fie \u00een m\u0103sur\u0103 s\u0103 \u00eenghe\u021be \u0219i s\u0103 profite de fonduri.<\/p>\n

Ea spune:<\/p>\n

„Monedele virtuale reprezint\u0103 un exemplu de legisla\u021bie tehnologic\u0103 dep\u0103\u0219it\u0103. C\u00e2teva jurisdic\u021bii recunosc monedele virtuale ca fiind o moned\u0103 ca s\u0103 reu\u0219easc\u0103 s\u0103 adopte controale de reglementare adecvate.<\/em> ”<\/p>\n

Raportul emite o serie de recomand\u0103ri de a\u0219teptare pentru noua legisla\u021bie UE care s-ar aplica reglement\u0103rilor de combatere a sp\u0103l\u0103rii banilor la monede digitale \u0219i de a consolida rela\u021biile cu afacerile de transfer de bani, b\u0103nci, de aplicare a legii \u0219i a operatorilor de valut\u0103 digital\u0103.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 
\nSursa: coindesk<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Europol a emis un nou raport privind criminalitatea de pe Internet \u00een care s-au conturat o serie de scenarii care implic\u0103 Bitcoin. Numit Internet Organised Crime Threat Assessment (iOCTA), raportul analizeaz\u0103 utilizarea Bitcoin pe diverse site-uri web \u00eentunecate, de crima organizat\u0103 \u0219i de juc\u0103tori individuali, \u0219i solicit\u0103 monede digitale „fabricate” pentru cryber-criminali, fiind o provocare pentru aplicarea legii. Cu toate acestea, se face o distinc\u021bie clar\u0103 \u00eentre Bitcoin \u0219i monedele digitale, concepute cu adev\u0103rat anonimat, cum ar fi darkcoin. Avertizare:Read More<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[597,338,339],"class_list":["post-1528","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-securitate","tag-bitcoin","tag-europol","tag-monede-anonime"],"yoast_head":"\nRaportul Europol leag\u0103 monedele digitale anonime de re\u021bele \u00eentunecate<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Raportul Europol leag\u0103 monedele digitale anonime de re\u021belele \u00eentunecate\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bitcoinromania.ro\/blog\/raportul-europol-leaga-monedele-digitale-anonime-de-retelele-intunecate\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" 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