{"id":1330,"date":"2014-08-10T12:10:37","date_gmt":"2014-08-10T12:10:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/bitcoinromania.ro\/?p=1330"},"modified":"2026-03-01T13:46:46","modified_gmt":"2026-03-01T11:46:46","slug":"monedele-gold-backed","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bitcoinromania.ro\/blog\/monedele-gold-backed\/","title":{"rendered":"Monedele Gold-Backed"},"content":{"rendered":"

Monedele digitiale Gold-Backed sunt deosebit de atr\u0103g\u0103toare pentru „g\u00e2ndacii de aur” din cauza ne\u00eencrederii \u00een guvern de a sprijini valutele fiat. Aceste persoane cred c\u0103 institu\u0163iile centrale bancare pot abuza de autoritatea lor pentru imprimarea mai multor bani, \u015fi acest lucru \u00eei face deci iresponsabili \u00eentr-un mod care provoac\u0103 hiperinfla\u021bia. Aceast\u0103 p\u0103rere este deosebit de r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit\u0103 printre cei care tr\u0103iesc volatil, \u00een \u0163\u0103ri subdezvoltate, precum Zimbabwe \u015fi Argentina. \u00cen subsec\u0163iunile de mai jos, v\u0103 prezent\u0103m trei studii de caz comparative pe diferite monede gold-back.<\/p>\n

A)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E-gold<\/h2>\n

\u00cen anul 1996, oncologul Douglas Jackson a creat de E-gold, o nou\u0103 moneda digital\u0103 sus\u0163inut\u0103 pe deplin \u00een depozite de aur la diverse seifuri \u00een \u00eentreaga lume. Permi\u021b\u00e2nd tranzac\u0163ii la fel de mici ca zece-miimi de gram de aur, e-gold a fost, de asemenea, primul sistem de micropayment din lume. La topul succesului s\u0103u \u00een 2008, e-aur a prelucrat peste 2 miliarde de dolari \u00een tranzac\u0163iile anuale \u015fi a avut aproape 5 milioane de utilizatori din \u00eentreaga lume. Motivele din spatele popularit\u0103\u021bii e-aur, au contribuit, de asemenea, la decesul s\u0103u: in 2007, Departamentul de justi\u0163ie al SUA l-a acuzat pe Jackson \u015fi pe cei doi directori principali cu mai multe capete de acuzare de sp\u0103lare de bani, conspira\u0163ie, \u015fi c\u0103 opereaz\u0103 cu bani f\u0103r\u0103 licen\u0163\u0103 de emisie \u00een afaceri.<\/p>\n

Succesul din ce \u00een ce mai mare al e-gold a atras aten\u0163ia cyber-criminalilor, care s-au bucurat de anonimatul oferit de moned\u0103. Actul de acuzare al Departamentului de Justi\u0163ie descrie:<\/p>\n

Persoanele care doresc s\u0103 foloseasc\u0103 sistemul de plat\u0103 e-gold au fost obligate doar s\u0103 furnizeze o adres\u0103 de email valid\u0103 pentru a deschide un cont de e-gold – nu au fost verificate alte informatii de contact. Odat\u0103 ce o persoan\u0103 a deschis un cont de e-gold, el\/ea ar putea finan\u0163a contul folosind orice num\u0103r de schimburi, care convertea moneda na\u0163ional\u0103 \u00een e-aur. Odat\u0103 deschis \u015fi finan\u0163at, titularii de cont ar putea accesa conturile lor prin intermediul internetului \u015fi efectua tranzac\u0163ii anonime cu alte p\u0103r\u021bi oriunde \u00een lume.<\/p>\n

Anonimatul \u015fi acoperirea global\u0103 oferit\u0103 de e-gold a permis criminalilor s\u0103 spele bani u\u015for \u015fi s\u0103 se sustrag\u0103 de controlul de aplicare a legii. Guvernul federal SUA a acuzat directorii e-gold de faptul c\u0103 \u015ftiau despre activitatea criminal\u0103 care apare printer bazele sale de utilizator, \u015fi pentru c\u0103 de\u0219i \u0219tiau asta, le-au permis s\u0103 continue. De exemplu, utilizatorii criminali au efectuat o \u00een\u015fel\u0103torie de investi\u0163ii prin mutarea a 146 de milioane de dolari prin sistemul e-gold folosind 10 conturi diferite. Deoarece e-gold nu permite pl\u0103\u021bile \u00eenapoi, toate pl\u0103\u0163ile \u00een sistem au fost finale. Astfel, consumatorii care au fost p\u0103c\u0103li\u021bi s\u0103 trimit\u0103 bani infractorilor, nu \u0219i-ar putea primi banii \u00eenapoi. \u00cen ceea ce prive\u015fte plata de recuperare, e-gold nu ofer\u0103 protec\u0163ia adecvat\u0103 consumatorilor.<\/p>\n

Au existat mai multe fa\u0163ete de func\u0163ionare e-gold, care au f\u0103cut mai u\u015for pentru autorit\u0103\u0163ile americane s\u0103 efectueze o anchet\u0103 \u015fi s\u0103-l \u00eenchid\u0103: Compania opera \u00een mod deschis \u00een Statele Unite, cu sediul central \u00een Florida, \u015fi avea cel pu\u0163in trei directori principali care locuiau \u00een State. Mai mult dec\u00e2t at\u00e2t, moneda nu ofer\u0103 de fapt utilizatorilor s\u0103i anonimatul pe care l-a promis. La crearea unui cont, utilizatorul trebuie s\u0103 depun\u0103 cel pu\u0163in 1.000 de dolari dintr-o institutie bancar\u0103 tradi\u0163ional\u0103 \u00een contul de e-gold. Astfel, toate conturile de e-gold au fost urm\u0103rite ca identit\u0103\u0163i reale \u015fi legate de informa\u0163ii cu caracter personal inregistrat la aceste institu\u0163ii financiare externe.<\/p>\n

Jackson \u015fi ceilal\u021bi acuza\u021bi de Departamentul de Justi\u0163ie, \u00een cele din urm\u0103 au pledat vinova\u021bi la acuza\u0163ia de „conspira\u0163ie \u00een sp\u0103lare de bani \u015fi operarea cu bani f\u0103r\u0103 licen\u0163\u0103 de emisie \u00een afaceri.” . Compania a pl\u0103tit o amend\u0103 de 3.7 milioane dolari \u0219i \u0219i-a \u00eenghetat toate conturile din sistemul e-gold. Singura modalitate ca utilizatorii s\u0103 poat\u0103 aib\u0103 acces la valoarea din conturile lor \u015fi s\u0103 ob\u0163in\u0103 restituirea complet\u0103 a fondurilor lor a fost ca ace\u0219tia s\u0103 prezinte informa\u021bii suplimentare pentru e-gold, care ar fi revizuite de Administratorii Cur\u0163ii de Judecat\u0103\u015fi de autorit\u0103\u0163ile relevante \u00een guvernul SUA. \u00cenainte ca acesta s\u0103 fie \u00eenchis \u00een 2008, e-gold a fost probabil cea mai de succes alternativ\u0103 a monedei din lume. Succesul s\u0103u ulterior a inspirat alte monede gold-backed, copycat.<\/p>\n

\"Bitcoin_Logo\"<\/a><\/p>\n

B)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 eBullion<\/h2>\n

\u00cen anul 2000, Jim \u015fi Pamela Fayed au lansat eBullion, care a permis utilizatorilor s\u0103 transfere digital aur \u015fi argint \u00eentre conturi. De\u015fi eBullion a fost \u00eencorporat \u00een Panama, acesta a oferit un serviciu de card de debit pentru to\u0163i clien\u0163ii din SUA, permi\u0163\u00e2ndu-le s\u0103 converteasc\u0103 soldurile aurului \u00een dolari. Compania s-a pr\u0103bu\u0219it \u00een 2008, c\u00e2nd Jim Fayed \u0219i-a ucis co-fondatorul \u015fi so\u0163ia. El a fost ulterior condamnat la moarte, \u015fi compania a fost investigat\u0103 \u015fi judecat\u0103 \u00een conformitate cu Patriot Act pentru sp\u0103lare de bani, transferuri ilegale de bani \u015fi alte activit\u0103\u0163i criminale. Toate activele clien\u021bilor au fost confiscate atunci c\u00e2nd compania a fost \u00eenchis\u0103 \u00een 2008, \u015fi un milion de utilizatori eBullion nu au fost compensa\u021bi pentru pierderile lor.<\/p>\n

C)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 GoldMoney<\/h2>\n

La scurt timp dup\u0103 lansarea eBullion, James Turk a creat GoldMoney ca un alt competitor cu e-gold \u015fi eBullion. GoldMoney s-a remarcat \u00een sine ca un furnizor de \u00eencredere al monedelor digitale de aur \u015fi argint, \u0219i a creat propria tehnologie de singuran\u021b\u0103 pentru identificarea strategiilor pentru a descuraja sp\u0103l\u0103rea banilor. \u00cencep\u00e2nd cu 2011, GoldMoney a avut peste 2 miliarde de dolari \u00een activele de client. \u00cen timp, a devenit o platform\u0103 de economii pentru majoritatea utilizatorilor, cererea pentru serviciile sale de moned\u0103 de schimb \u015fi de plat\u0103 a fost relativ nesemnificativ\u0103. \u00cencep\u00e2nd cu 2012, din cauza cre\u015fterii regulamentelor \u015fi a costurilor ridicate de conformitate, GoldMoney a dezactivat capacitatea de a face pl\u0103\u021bi intre conturi de utilizator.<\/p>\n

Bitcoin se aseam\u0103n\u0103 mult cu aceste monede: ambele sunt digitale, lichide, permit transferul de fonduri \u00eentre conturi de utilizator, \u015fi sunt relativ anonime comparativ cu metodele tradi\u0163ionale de plat\u0103. Cu toate acestea, ceea ce face din Bitcoin o moned\u0103 revolu\u0163ionar\u0103 sunt diferen\u0163ele. \u00cen primul r\u00e2nd, Bitcoin este considerat ca bani fiat \u015fi nu are suport ca orice comodiatate fizic\u0103. \u00cen al doilea r\u00e2nd, Bitcoin nu este controlat de autorit\u0103\u0163ile care guverneaz\u0103 \u2014 astfel, ea nu poate fi fabricat\u0103 \u00een mod liber. \u00cen cele din urm\u0103, deoarece Bitcoin este complet descentralizat, exist\u0103 ambiguit\u0103\u021bi mari \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te competen\u0163a de reglementare c\u0103reia moneda \u00eei apar\u0163ine.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Monedele digitiale Gold-Backed sunt deosebit de atr\u0103g\u0103toare pentru „g\u00e2ndacii de aur” din cauza ne\u00eencrederii \u00een guvern de a sprijini valutele fiat. Aceste persoane cred c\u0103 institu\u0163iile centrale bancare pot abuza de autoritatea lor pentru imprimarea mai multor bani, \u015fi acest lucru \u00eei face deci iresponsabili \u00eentr-un mod care provoac\u0103 hiperinfla\u021bia. Aceast\u0103 p\u0103rere este deosebit de r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit\u0103 printre cei care tr\u0103iesc volatil, \u00een \u0163\u0103ri subdezvoltate, precum Zimbabwe \u015fi Argentina. \u00cen subsec\u0163iunile de mai jos, v\u0103 prezent\u0103m trei studii de caz comparativeRead More<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":907,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1330","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bitcoin"],"yoast_head":"\nMonedele Gold-Backed - Bitcoin Romania<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Monedele digitiale Gold-Backed sunt deosebit de atr\u0103g\u0103toare pentru "g\u00e2ndacii de aur" din cauza ne\u00eencrederii \u00een guvern de a sprijini valutele fiat.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bitcoinromania.ro\/blog\/monedele-gold-backed\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Monedele Gold-Backed - 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